板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)的適用(yong)(yong)條件式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)是由(you)一(yi)系(xi)列具(ju)有一(yi)定波紋形狀的金屬片疊裝而成的一(yi)種(zhong)新(xin)型高(gao)效換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)。各種(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)片之間形成薄矩形通道，通過板(ban)(ban)(ban)片進(jin)行熱(re)量交換(huan)(huan)。板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)雙管(guan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)是液-液、液-汽進(jin)行熱(re)交換(huan)(huan)的理想設備。它具(ju)有換(huan)(huan)熱(re)效率高(gao)、熱(re)損失(shi)小、結構緊(jin)湊輕巧、占(zhan)地(di)面(mian)積小、安裝清(qing)洗方(fang)便、應(ying)用(yong)(yong)廣泛(fan)、使用(yong)(yong)壽命長等(deng)特點。在相同壓力損失(shi)情況下，其傳熱(re)系(xi)數比列管(guan)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)高(gao)3-5倍(bei)，占(zhan)地(di)面(mian)積為管(guan)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)的三分之一(yi)，熱(re)回收(shou)率可高(gao)達90%以(yi)上(shang)。
基本分(fen)類一般(ban)情況下，我(wo)們主要根據結構來區(qu)分(fen)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)，也(ye)就是(shi)根據外形來區(qu)分(fen)，可(ke)分(fen)為四大類:①可(ke)拆卸(xie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(又(you)叫(jiao)帶(dai)密封墊(dian)片(pian)的板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi))、②焊接板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)、③螺(luo)旋(xuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)、④板(ban)(ban)(ban)卷式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(又(you)叫(jiao)蜂窩式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi))。
其中(zhong)，焊(han)接(jie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)又分為:半焊(han)接(jie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)、全焊(han)接(jie)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)、板(ban)(ban)(ban)殼式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)、釬焊(han)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)。經常(chang)用(yong)到的分類(lei)還(huan)有以下:
1>根據單位空(kong)間內的(de)換(huan)熱(re)面(mian)積(ji)的(de)多少，板(ban)式換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)屬(shu)于緊(jin)湊式換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)，主要是與管殼式換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)進(jin)行比較，傳統的(de)管殼式換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)占地較大。
2>根據(ju)工藝(yi)用(yong)途，又有不同的(de)叫法:板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)、板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冷卻器(qi)(qi)、板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冷凝器(qi)(qi)、板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)預熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi);3>根據(ju)流(liu)程組合，分(fen)為(wei)單(dan)程板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)和(he)多(duo)程板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi);4>根據(ju)兩(liang)種(zhong)介質的(de)流(liu)動(dong)方向，分(fen)為(wei)順流(liu)(并流(liu))板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)、逆流(liu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)、交叉流(liu)(橫(heng)流(liu))板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)，后兩(liang)者(zhe)用(yong)的(de)比較多(duo);5>按照流(liu)道的(de)間隙(xi)大小，分(fen)為(wei)常規間隙(xi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)和(he)寬間隙(xi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi);6> 按照波紋，板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)有更詳細的(de)分(fen)別(bie)，不再累述，請參考:板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)片波紋形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。
7> 按照是(shi)否(fou)是(shi)成套產品，可分為單機板式(shi)換熱器、板式(shi)換熱器機組。
板(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(Plate Type Heat Exchanger)，本成套設(she)備(bei)由(you)板(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器、平衡槽、離心(xin)式(shi)衛生泵、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)裝置(zhi)(包(bao)括蒸汽管路、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)噴(pen)入(ru)器)、支架(jia)以及(ji)儀(yi)表(biao)箱等組成。用(yong)于牛奶(nai)或其它熱(re)(re)(re)(re)敏感(gan)性液體(ti)之(zhi)殺(sha)(sha)菌冷(leng)(leng)卻。欲(yu)處(chu)理的(de)物(wu)(wu)料(liao)先進入(ru)平衡槽，經離心(xin)式(shi)衛生泵送(song)入(ru)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器、經過(guo)預熱(re)(re)(re)(re)、殺(sha)(sha)菌、保溫(wen)、冷(leng)(leng)卻各段，凡未達(da)到殺(sha)(sha)菌溫(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)物(wu)(wu)料(liao)，由(you)儀(yi)表(biao)控制(zhi)氣動(dong)回流(liu)閥換(huan)向、再(zai)回到平衡槽重新處(chu)理。物(wu)(wu)料(liao)殺(sha)(sha)菌溫(wen)度(du)(du)由(you)儀(yi)表(biao)控制(zhi)箱進行(xing)自動(dong)控制(zhi)和(he)連續(xu)記(ji)錄(lu)，以便對殺(sha)(sha)菌過(guo)程進行(xing)監視和(he)檢查。此設(she)備(bei)適(shi)用(yong)于對牛奶(nai)預殺(sha)(sha)菌、巴式(shi)殺(sha)(sha)菌。板(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器的(de)型式(shi)主要有(you)框架(jia)式(shi)(可拆卸式(shi))和(he)釬(han)焊式(shi)兩大類，板(ban)(ban)片形(xing)式(shi)主要有(you)人(ren)字形(xing)波(bo)紋板(ban)(ban)、水(shui)平平直波(bo)紋板(ban)(ban)和(he)瘤形(xing)板(ban)(ban)片三種。
板(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)雙管(guan)板(ban)(ban)換(huan)熱器(qi)固然具有以上(shang)優點，但(dan)它(ta)并不能完全(quan)取代管(guan)殼式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱器(qi)。一方面是由于板(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱器(qi)對介質的(de)潔凈程度要求較高，它(ta)要求介質中雜質顆粒直徑小于 1.5~2mm;另一方面是由于早(zao)期的(de)板(ban)(ban)框式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱器(qi) (俗稱可拆式(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)(ban)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱器(qi) )只能適用于工(gong)作(zuo)壓力小于 1.6MPa、工(gong)作(zuo)溫度介于 120~165℃之間的(de)工(gong)況。
因(yin)換熱(re)站(zhan)熱(re)源采用(yong)的(de)(de)是 1.1MPa;230℃的(de)(de)過熱(re)蒸汽，受(shou)密封墊片(pian)的(de)(de)耐(nai)溫限制 (普通 EPDM墊片(pian)耐(nai)溫 150℃，耐(nai)高(gao)溫的(de)(de) EPDM墊片(pian)耐(nai)溫為 180℃，耐(nai)高(gao)溫 PTFE墊片(pian)耐(nai)溫也僅為 220℃，且價格昂(ang)貴，為耐(nai)高(gao)溫 EPDM墊片(pian)的(de)(de) 8倍左右(you) )，故傳統可(ke)拆(chai)(chai)式(shi)(shi)板式(shi)(shi)換熱(re)器不適用(yong)于(yu)該工況要求。 如采用(yong)釬焊式(shi)(shi)板式(shi)(shi)換熱(re)器或激(ji)光全焊接(jie)式(shi)(shi)板式(shi)(shi)換熱(re)器，設(she)備購置本錢大(da) (約是可(ke)拆(chai)(chai)式(shi)(shi)板式(shi)(shi)換熱(re)器價格的(de)(de) 3~5倍 )，且不可(ke)拆(chai)(chai)卸，不便于(yu)維修。
所以，終極采(cai)用在傳(chuan)統(tong)可拆式(shi)板(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)前加(jia)(jia)減(jian)溫裝置的(de)方案，在此方案中，采(cai)用傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)效(xiao)率較低，但(dan)耐溫等級較高的(de)管殼式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)作為蒸汽減(jian)溫器(qi)(qi)，利(li)用一部分供(gong)熱(re)(re)回水 (約占總(zong)回水流量(liang)的(de) 10%左右 )將過(guo)熱(re)(re)蒸汽降到 150~180℃，之后，進進板(ban)式(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)將剩余部分的(de)供(gong)熱(re)(re)回水進行(xing)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)，此方案充份利(li)用了兩種熱(re)(re)交換(huan)器(qi)(qi)的(de)上風，同時采(cai)熱(re)(re)水側采(cai)用并聯的(de)運行(xing)方式(shi)，較串聯方式(shi)更有效(xiao)地減(jian)小(xiao)了壓力降，更加(jia)(jia)節能。
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